Dɛn ne Predictive Maintenance?

Predictive maintenance kyerɛ sɛ wɔbɛkyere battery haw ahorow ansa na adan ɔhaw ahorow a ne bo yɛ den. Adwene no nya tow kyinhyia pii wɔ adetɔn pitches, nanso adwuma ankasa no hwehwɛ sɛ wobɛhwɛ voltage curves na wo ne wo BMS vendor gye akyinnye wɔ nea enti a wɔn kɔkɔbɔ kɔ so tow wɔ 3 AM ho.

Lithium-ion nkwammoaa nwuwu mpofirim. Wɔde kɔkɔbɔ ahorow ma. Afiri no ne sɛ wubehu nea ɛsɛ sɛ wohwehwɛ.

Cell bi a ɛhwere tumi befi ase ada voltage a ɛba fam adi wɔ charge tebea koro no ara mu sɛ wɔde toto n’afipamfo ho a. Ebia na ɛyɛ milivolt 20 mfiase no. Ɛnyɛ den sɛ wobɛpa sɛ worehwɛ pack-level data nkutoo a. Asram abiɛsa akyi no saa gap no yɛ 80 millivolts na seesei wowɔ thermal management headache efisɛ cell biako reyɛ adwumaden sen nkae no.

Internal resistance creep ne kɛse foforo no. Yɛtwee module bi wɔ ahohuru bere a etwaam no mu fii grid storage system a na ayɛ adwuma mfe anan ni. Ná nkwammoaa hwɛ yiye wɔ krataa so. Na tumi da so ara wɔ 84%. Nanso na DC mu ahoɔden a ɛko tia no akɔ soro afi ɔpepem 1.2 akodu ɔpepem 2.8. Na saa module no retow ɔhyew agu n’afipamfo mu bere biara a nhyehyɛe no bebua frequency regulation call bi.

Li-ion motion during the charge (a) and discharge (b) process.

Battery management system biara boaboa voltage, current, ne temperature ano. Saa ɔfã no yɛ mmerɛw. Nneɛma a mfaso wɔ so no fi nea wode saa data no yɛ bere tenten no mu.

Capacity fade rate ka kyerɛ wo pii sen absolute capacity. Nkwammoaa bi a ɛkɔɔ fam fii 100% kɔɔ 94% wɔ afe a edi kan mu na afei ɛkɔɔ 91% wɔ afe a ɛto so abien mu no reyɛ n’ade sɛnea ɛsɛ. Nkwammoaa a ɛkuraa 97% asram dunwɔtwe na afei ɛhwee ase kɔɔ 88% wɔ asram abiɛsa mu no wɔ biribi a ɛnteɛ wɔ ne mu. Ebia awiei koraa no, nneɛma a wɔyɛ no mu sintɔ bi bɛkyeree. Ebia ɛnoaa bere a ɔhyew bi sii bere a na HVAC nhyehyɛe no ayɛ adwuma sɛ wɔresiesie no.

Coulombic efficiency ho hia ma nkwammoaa a wɔtaa yɛ sakre. Ebia grid storage nhyehyɛe ahorow behu kyinhyia 300 afe biara. EV fast charging hub betumi apia cells afa 500 anaa 600. Sɛ cell bi resan de nea wode ahyɛ mu no 99.1% resan aba sen sɛ wobɛsan de 99.7% a, biribi redi lithium wɔ mu. Mpɛn pii no SEI nyin. Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, lithium plating sɛ pack no nyaa charge wɔ wim tebea a ɛyɛ nwini mu a wɔanhyɛ no hyew yiye a.

Mahu sɛ wɔde batere a entumi nyɛ adwuma pii ho asodi to nkwammoaa bɔne so bere a nea ɛde bae ankasa ne ɔhyew a wɔayɛ no bɔne no. Kabinet a ɛwɔ awiabere owia tẽẽ mu. Fan a ɛma onwini a entumi nyɛ adwuma yiye na obiara anhu adapɛn abien. Nkwammoaa a wɔde fa mu a adekoradan mu mfutuma asiw ano.

Nkwammoaa mu hyew bere a wɔrebɔ charge no ho hia sen baabi a ɛhɔ yɛ hyew. Pack a ɛbɔ charge wɔ 0.5C betumi atu mmirika digrii Celsius 8 anaa 10 wɔ ambient so. Saa pack koro no ara a ɛwɔ 1C no betumi abɔ digrii 20 wɔ soro. Afei fa saa no dɔɔso wɔ kyinhyia ɔhaha pii mu.

Na yɛwɔ adetɔfo bi wɔ Nevada a wɔrenwiinwii wɔ tumi a wɔhwere ntɛm ho wɔ wɔn afe a ɛto so abien a wɔde yɛɛ adwuma no mu. Ɛbɛdaa adi sɛ wɔn adwumayɛbea no hwɛ atɔe fam. Awiabere awiei awɔw bere mu owia maa wɔn batere dan no anafo fam awiei yɛɛ hyew koduu digrii F 95 bere a atifi fam awiei no traa digrii F 78. Ɛkame ayɛ sɛ nkwammoaa a ɛwɔ awiei a ɛyɛ hyew no nyin ntɛmntɛm sen saa mmɔho abien. Predictive maintenance kyeree nsonsonoe no, nanso na ɔsɛe no asɛe dedaw bere a obiara hwɛɛ data no anibere so no.

Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy a wɔde tu mmirika wɔ nhyehyɛe a ɛte ase so no nyɛ nea mfaso wɔ so mma wɔn a wɔyɛ adwuma no dodow no ara. Adwinnade no bo yɛ sika ankasa na wuhia obi a onim sɛnea wɔkyerɛ nea efi mu ba no ase.

Nea mmeae dodow no ara yɛ mmom ne sɛ wodi DC resistance akyi bere a wɔreyɛ adwuma sɛnea ɛsɛ. Sua voltage sag wɔ adesoa ase. Fa toto mfitiaseɛ susudua a ɛfiri commissioning mu ho. Nkwammoaa bi a ɛkyerɛ sɛ ɛko tia 40% sen n’afipamfo no reka biribi akyerɛ wo.

BMS platform ahorow bi bu resistance ho akontaa ankasa fi charge ne discharge nsɛm a esisi mu. Ɛsono sɛnea wɔyɛ no pɛpɛɛpɛ. Mahu nhyehyɛe ahorow a ɛde nnadewa bɔ no wɔ 5% mu ne nhyehyɛe ahorow a ɛma wo nwura efisɛ wɔreyɛ sampling wɔ bere a ɛnteɛ mu wɔ kyinhyia no mu.

BMS operation inside the EV.

80% tebea a akwahosan ahwehwɛde no nya repeated wɔ baabiara te sɛ nea ɛbaa fam fii bepɔw bi so wɔ abo abopon so. Gyinaesi ankasa a wɔde besi ananmu no yɛ basabasa kɛse.

Grid storage system a wɔtua ho ka wɔ tumi ho no betumi asesa modules wɔ 82% ɛfiri sɛ sika a wɔhwere firi output a wɔatew so no boro module ka no so. Backup power installation wɔ data center betumi ama cells akɔ fam akodu 70% efisɛ wɔtow mpɛn kakraa bi pɛ afe biara bere a outages.

Waranti nsɛm na ɛma wosisi gyinae pii. Nkwammoaa a wɔyɛ no dodow no ara ma kwan sɛ wobetumi ayɛ 70% anaa 80% wɔ kyinhyia dodow bi mu. Sɛ wo data kyerɛ sɛ module bi bɛkɔ fam asen warranty threshold asram asia ntɛm a, saa nkɔmmɔbɔ a wo ne wo supplier no bɔ no nya anigye kɛse.

Agodifoɔ akɛseɛ no tɔn analytics packages a ɛhyɛ mfiri adesua ne AI-driven nhumu bɔ. Ɛmu bi so wɔ mfaso. Ne mu pii yɛ trend lines a mfonini ahorow a ɛyɛ fɛ wom.

Nea ɛboa ankasa ne sɛ wobɛhyehyɛ abakɔsɛm mu nsɛm wɔ ɔkwan bi so a ɛbɛma wode nhyehyɛe ahorow a ɛte saa ara atoto ho. Sɛ wode batere a ɛyɛ pɛ dunum di dwuma na emu biako nyin ntɛmntɛm sen afoforo no a, wopɛ sɛ wuhu saa. Sɛ cell lot 2847 a efi wo supplier no hɔ rekyerɛ ɔhaw ahorow wɔ sites pii so a, wopɛ sɛ wuhu saa ankasa.

Data a wɔkora so ho ahwehwɛde ahorow nyɛ ade ketewaa bi. Cell-level logging wɔ sekan ntam kwan biako-ma ɛyɛ bɛyɛ gigabytes 2 wɔ megawatt-dɔnhwerew biara mu afe biara. Adwumayɛfo dodow no ara ntaa nsɔ nhwɛsode na ama nneɛma a wɔkora so ho ka akɔ fam, nanso afei wopa nsɛm a esisi bere tiaa bi.

General flowchart of the BMS.

Nsiesiei a wɔahyɛ da ayɛ no ntumi nsiesie nkwammoaa bɔne. Entumi nsiesie ɔhyew a ɛsɛe ade no. Entumi nsiesie adwumayɛbea bi a wɔanhyehyɛ no yiye.

Nea ebetumi ayɛ ne sɛ ɛbɛma woanya bere a wode bɛdi kan. Module bi a anka ɛbɛdi nkogu wɔ awɔw bere mu ahwehwɛde a ɛsen biara mu no di nkogu mmom wɔ mfɛnsere a wɔayɛ ho nhyehyɛe sɛ wɔbɛsiesie wɔ April mu no mu. Ebia saa nsonsonoe no bɛma woanya asotwe anaa insurance krataa.

Nsɛmma nhoma ahorow a wonya mfaso ankasa fi nkɔmhyɛ nsiesie mu no ne nea ɛyɛ adwuma ankasa wɔ data no so. Mafa mmeae a wɔde dashboard ahorow fɛfɛ a ɛkyerɛ kɔkɔbɔ ahorow nyinaa a obiara nhwɛe wɔ asram pii mu no mu. Ɛno nyɛ nsiesie a wɔahyɛ ho nkɔm. Ɛno yɛ data a wɔboaboa ano a ne bo yɛ den.