Paw a wɔpaw nolithium batere a eye sen biara ma counterbalance forkliftsɛnyɛ Ah tumi anaa sakre nkwa nkutoo ho asɛm. Battery mu duru a ɛnteɛ, ahoɔden a ɛba, ne kɛse, anaa charger a ɛne ne ho hyia no betumi de adwumayɛ a enye anaasɛ ɔhaw ahorow aba wɔ instɔlehyɛn mu.
A a ɛfatacounterbalance forklift batere a wɔde lithium ayɛɛsɛ sɛ ɛne lɔre no, adwuma mu adesoa, ne tebea a wɔde charge no hyia. Saa akwankyerɛ yi kyerɛkyerɛ nea ɛsɛ sɛ wohwɛ ansa na woapaw bi mu.
Mmuae a ɛyɛ ntɛm: Wɔ counterbalance forklift dwumadie pii mu no, a ɛne no hyia yieLiFePO4 batere a wɔde yɛ adwumayɛ paw a mfaso wɔ so-nanso optin a eye sen biara ne, ɛnyɛ nea ɛwɔ Ah dodow a ɛkorɔn sen biara no ara kwa. Ɛsɛ sɛ ɛne lɔre no ahoɔden, batere mu duru, ahoɔden a wɔhwehwɛ, nea wɔhwehwɛ sɛ wɔde si hɔ, ne tebea a wɔde charge no nso hyia.
Fa Battery Mu duru, Voltage, ne Capacity toto Lɔre no ho
Nolithium batere a eye sen biara ma counterbalance forkliftsno nkyerɛkyerɛ mu denam nkyerɛkyerɛmu biako so. Ɛsɛ sɛ batere mu duru, ahoɔden a ɛwɔ mu, ne ne tumi ne lɔre no ne ne dwumadi bom yɛ adwuma.
Battery Weight: Ɛboro Asɛm a Ɛfa Nneɛma a Wɔde Gu Nneɛma Mu Ho
Forklift batere mu duru ho hia titiriw wɔ lɔre ahorow a wɔde kari pɛ so. Wɔ pii soanyinam ahoɔden forklift mfonini ahorow, batere no boa ma lɔre no yɛ nea wɔayɛ no sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a ɛbɛkari pɛ. Eyi bɛyɛ asɛm titiriw bere ade lithium forklift battery a emu yɛ hare besi lead-acid ananmu. Sɛ batere foforo no mu duru nnu nea wɔhwehwɛ a, ebia ebehia sɛ batere no nhyehyɛe no:
- Ballast a wɔde afrafra
- Adan a wɔabɔ ho ban a emu yɛ duru
- Battery-afã nhyehyeɛ anaa enclosure nsakraeɛ a ɛbɛma wɔadi battery mu duru a wɔhwehwɛ no ho dwuma
Ɛsɛ sɛ nsakrae biara a wɔbɛyɛ wɔ forklift no ankasa mu no di nea ɔyɛ forklift no ahwehwɛde ahorow akyi anaasɛ mfiridwumayɛfo a wɔfata hwɛ mu.
Voltage: Di Lɔre no Electrical Platform no akyi
Wɔnam lɔre no anyinam ahoɔden nhyehyɛe so na ɛkyerɛ forklift battery ahoɔden. 48V-class counterbalance forklift hwehwɛ battery a ɛne no hyia a wɔayɛ ama saa voltage platform no. 80V battery nyɛ adwumayɛ mu nkɔsoɔ mma 48V-class lɔre.
Polinovel counterbalance forklift battery ahorow no ka ho48V-adesuakuw, 80V, ne 83.2V nhyehyɛe ahorowma lɔre ahorow a wɔhwehwɛ.
Anamɔn a edi kan ne sɛ wubesi lɔre no ahoɔden kuw ne batere no ahoɔden a wɔfrɛ no ankasa so dua. Afei wobetumi de tumi tumi atoto saa voltage class no mu.
Akenkan a Ɛfa Ho:
48V 460Ah Counterbalance Forklift Lithium Batere a wɔde yɛ adwuma
80V 420Ah Counterbalance Forklift Lithium Batere a wɔde yɛ adwuma
83.2V 630Ah Counterbalance Forklift Lithium Batere a wɔde yɛ adwuma
Tumi: Size It Atwa Ankasa Adwuma Kyinhyia
Sɛ wosiesie voltage wie a, forkliftbattery a wɔde yɛ adwumakyerɛ ahoɔden dodow a ɛwɔ charge ahorow ntam. Nanso ɛnyɛ bere nyinaa na Ah a ɛkorɔn no kyerɛ sɛ ɛne ne ho hyia yiye.
Sɛ nhwɛso no, 48V batere abien betumi anya ahoɔden soronko koraa efisɛ wɔayɛ ama adwumayɛ ho nsɛm ahorow. Ah a ɛfata no gyina:
- Nnɔnhwerew a wɔde yɛ adwuma da biara da
- Sɛ wɔkyekyem pɛpɛɛpɛ a, adesoa a wɔkyekyem
- Akwantuo kwan tenten
- Mpɛn dodow a wɔma so
- Nsakrae dodow a wɔyɛ
- Mfɛnsere a wɔde charger a ɛwɔ hɔ
Ebia lɔre a ɛsɛ sɛ ɛnam shift a edi mũ a bere kakraa bi na ɛde charge no behia sɛ ɛdɔɔso. Po so ahyɛn a wɔde di dwuma daahokwan a wɔde gye sikabetumi anya uptime a wɔhwehwɛ no denam nhyehyɛe soronko bi so. Ɛnyɛ botae no ne sɛ wɔbɛpaw Ah a ɛkorɔn sen biara a ɛwɔ hɔ, na mmom tumi a ɛdɔɔso a wobetumi de adi dwuma a ɛbɛboa adwuma da ankasa no.
Hwɛ Tumi a Ɛkɔ So ne Peak Power Requirements
Counterbalance forklift lithium battery hia ahoɔden a ɛdɔɔso ma shift no, nanso ehia ahoɔden a ɛdɔɔso nso ma adwuma no afã horow a ɛyɛ den sen biara. Nneɛma a emu yɛ duru a wɔma so, ahoɔhare a wɔde nneɛma gu mu, ɔkwan a wɔfa so foro, anaa kar a wɔde ka bere a wɔde hydraulics no redi dwuma no betumi ama mprempren ahwehwɛde no akɔ soro kɛse asen akwantu dodow a wɔtaa de di dwuma. Eyi ne baabi a ebia batere abien a Ah tumi yɛ pɛ no yɛ adwuma wɔ ɔkwan soronko so koraa.
Hwɛ Akyirikyiri Ah Tumi
Sɛ wode batere retoto ho a, hwɛ:
-
Continuous discharge current - boa karka a ɛkɔ so ne adesoa a wɔma so.
- Peak discharge current - kata bere tiaa a wɔhwehwɛ kɛse so.
- Peak duration - kyerɛ bere tenten a wobetumi akura saa output a ɛkorɔn no mu.
- Batere a Wɔde Di Dwuma Ho Nhyehyɛe (BMS) .- mprempren anohyeto - ɛsɛ sɛ ɛma kwan ma adwumayɛ mprempren a wɔhwehwɛ.
- Ɛsɛ sɛ wɔde nhama ne nkitahodi - nso to gua ma mprempren ahwehwɛde koro no ara.
Sɛ batere no du nea ɛwɔ hɔ mprempren bere a wɔreforo nneɛma a emu yɛ duru anaasɛ wɔreforo wɔ ɔkwan a ɛkɔ soro so a, ebia lɔre no bɛyɛ adwuma anaasɛ ɛbɛkanyan ahobammɔ ɛwom mpo sɛ ahoɔden pii da so ara wɔ hɔ de.
Mmara a ɛfa paw ho: Si so dua sɛ batere no mprempren dodow a ɛkɔ so ne nea ɛsen biara, BMS anohyeto, nhama, ne nkitahodi ahorow betumi aboa lɔre no adwumayɛ ahwehwɛde ankasa-ɛnyɛ bere a wɔhwehwɛ sɛ wɔde di dwuma no nkutoo.
Fa Battery no toto Duty Cycle ne Charging Strategy no ho
A counterbalance forklift batere a wɔde lithium ayɛɛsɛ sɛ wɔpaw no twa lɔre no dwumadi kyinhyia ankasa ho hyia, na ɛnyɛ n’adwuma nnɔnhwerew a wɔahyɛ sɛ wɔmfa nyɛ adwuma no nkutoo.
Adesoa a emu yɛ duru ma batere no ahoɔden di dwuma ntɛmntɛm, bere a sɛ wɔde batere no di dwuma bere tenten a, ɛtew bere a wɔde bɛbɔ batere no so. OSHA nso hyɛ no nsow sɛ nnesoa a emu yɛ duru ma forklift batere no sa ntɛmntɛm na ɛka sɛnea wɔyɛ adwuma wɔ amanne kwan so no ho asɛm sɛ adwumayɛ bere biako a wɔde charge di akyi wɔ adwuma a edi hɔ no mu anaasɛ anadwo biako.
Nanso, wɔ lithium nhyehyɛe ahorow fam no, ɔkwan a wɔfa so de charge no betumi ayɛ nea ɛyɛ mmerɛw kɛse.
Single-Shift Dwumadie
Sɛ forklift no tu mmirika pɛnkoro daa na etumi de charge wɔ ɛno akyi a, nea ɛho hia titiriw no yɛ tẽẽ:
- Tumi a wotumi de di dwuma a ɛdɔɔso a ɛbɛma wɔawie shift no
- Reserve a ntease wom ansa na wɔasan ahyɛ mu
- Chaja bi a ɛne batere nhyehyɛe no hyia
Mfaso kakraa bi na ɛwɔ batere no kɛse a wɔbɛma ayɛ kɛse so sɛ wɔakata bere a wɔhwehwɛ sɛ wɔde di dwuma no so dedaw a.
Multi-Shift Dwumadie
Wɔ shift fleets abien- anaa abiɛsa-mu no, bere a wɔde charge no bɛyɛ battery a wɔpaw no fã.
Wobetumi de ahomegye bere tiaa adi dwuma de abɔ hokwan a wɔde bɛbɔ, nanso ɛsɛ sɛ batere, BMS, ne charger no nyinaa boa charge current a wɔhwehwɛ no.Toyota mprempren lithium forklift nhyehyɛe ahorow.
Enti ɛsɛ sɛ adetɔfo hwɛ:
- Runtime ntam charging hokwan ahorow
- Mfɛnsere biara a wɔde charge no tenten
- Charger a ɛba no
- Battery charge-mprempren anohyeto
- Battery hyew wɔ mpɛn pii charge ase
Heavy-Adwuma a Wɔde Di Dwuma
Nnɔnhwerew a wɔde yɛ adwuma nkutoo nso betumi adaadaa obi. Ebia forklift abien abien no nyinaa tu mmirika nnɔnhwerew awotwe, nanso lɔre a ɛma nnesoa a emu yɛ duru so mpɛn pii, foro akwan a ɛkɔ soro, anaasɛ ɛde nneɛma retu kwan no bɛma wɔahwehwɛ batere no kɛse.
Sɛ ɛba saa a, ɛsɛ sɛ batere nhyehyɛe no kata abien no nyinaa so:
- Ahoɔden hwehwɛ - tumi a ɛdɔɔso a wotumi de di dwuma ma nsakrae no
- Tumi hwehwɛ - a ɛdɔɔso a ɛkɔ so ne peak output ma adwuma no
Ɛno nti na ɛsɛ sɛ wɔsɔ adwumayɛ kyinhyia no hwɛ fi adwuma dodow + runtime + bere a ɛwɔ hɔ a wɔde gye sika, sen sɛ wobefi Ah tumi nkutoo mu.
Hwɛ Mfiri, Ɛlektrik, ne Nkitahodi a ɛne ne ho hyia
Bere a worepaw nealithium batere a eye sen biara ma counterbalance forklifts, ahoɔden, ahoɔden, ne batere mu duru a ɛne ne ho hyia no yɛ adwuma no fã bi pɛ. Ɛsɛ sɛ batere no nso ne lɔre no bom yiye.
Mfiridwuma a Wɔde Di Dwuma
L × W × H a ɛteɛ no nkyerɛ sɛ wɔde besisi hɔ yiye.
Hwɛ nso sɛ:
- Battery tray ne mmeae a wɔde hyɛ mu
- Connector ne cable gyinabea
- Charge hyɛn gyinabea beae
- Nsɛntitiriw a wɔma so
- Ɔsom ho kwan a wɔde ma
- Ballast nhyehyɛe, sɛ ɛho hia a
Electrical a ɛne ne ho di nsɛ
Ɛsɛ sɛ anyinam ahoɔden nkitahodi no nso ne lɔre no adwumayɛ ho ahiade ankasa hyia.
Si pi:
- Nkitahodi no su ne polarity
- Connector mprempren rating
- Cable kɛse ne ɔkwan a wɔfa so yɛ adwuma
- Charger ntam nkitahodi
Wɔ high-load counterbalance forklifts, battery no betumi anya output tumi a ɛdɔɔso, nanso undersized connector anaa cable da so ara betumi abɛyɛ system anohyeto.
Nkitahodi ne BMS Nkabom
Forklift nhyehyɛe ahorow bi nso hwehwɛ sɛ batere, lɔre, anaa charger no di nkitaho fa soBƐTUMI, RS485, anaasɛ nkitahodi afoforo.
Ɛdenam nhyehyɛe no nhyehyɛe so no, eyi betumi aka:
- SOC a wɔde kyerɛ
- Charging control a wɔde di dwuma
- Mfomso ho amanneɛbɔ
- Mprempren anohyeto ahorow
- Ɔhyew ho ahobammɔ
Polinovel betumi ayɛ counterbalance forklift lithium battery nsusuwii, connector nhyehyɛe, nkitahodi interfaces, ne installation nhyehyɛe ahorow ma ɛne forklift mfonini ahorow ahyia.
Enti, batere a eye sen biara no nyɛ nea ɛfata dan no ara kwa. Ɛsɛ sɛ ɛhyɛ, ɛka bom, di nkitaho, na ɛyɛ adwuma yiye sɛ forklift nhyehyɛe no fã.
Susuw Adwumayɛbea a Wɔde Yɛ Adwuma no ho
Ɛsɛ sɛ batere no nso ne baabi a lɔre no yɛ adwuma ankasa no hyia. Ɔhyew, nsu, mfutuma, ne wosow nyinaa betumi aka batere no adwumayɛ ne nhyehyɛe no ahobammɔ ahwehwɛde ahorow.
Nneɛma a Wɔde Sie Nwininwini
Wɔ cold-storage applications ho no, hwɛ battery no charge ankasa ne discharge temperature anohyeto sen sɛ wode wo ho bɛto "low{1}}temperature" asɛm a wɔka no nyinaa so.
Polinovel a ɛyɛ nhomacounterbalance forklift batteries betumi aboa discharge temperatures down to –20℃, bere a nhyehyɛe ahorow a wɔapaw betumi de self-heating adi dwuma ama adwumayɛ tebea horow a ɛyɛ nwini.
Nsɛntitiriw a ɛsɛ sɛ wohwehwɛ mu bi ne:
- Charge ne discharge ɔhyew range
- Ankasa{0}}ɔhyew tumi
- Condensation ahobammɔ ho banbɔ
- Nkitahodi ne enclosure sealing
Abɔnten ne Nneɛma a Atwa Yɛn Ho Ahyia a Ɛyɛ Den
Ebia forklift a ɛwɔ abɔnten a wɔde kari pɛ no behyia osu, mfutuma, ɔhyew, ɔhyew a ɛbɛsakra, ne wosow mpɛn pii.
Ɛha yi, ɛsɛ sɛ adetɔfo hwɛ kɔ akyiri sen nkwammoaa no na wɔhwɛ batere nhyehyɛe no nyinaa, a nea ɛka ho ne:
- Enclosure ahobammɔ ne IP rating
- Nkitahodi a wɔde hyɛ mu
- Mfiri ahoɔden
- Ɔhyew a wɔde di dwuma
- Cable ne interface ahobammɔ
Ɛgyina model ne dwumadie so, Polinovel counterbalance forklift batteries no, wɔbɛtumi de IP54, IP65, anaa IP67 ahobanbɔ asiesie.
Sɛ wopɛ sɛ wopaw a, fa batere no hyew dodow, enclosure ahobammɔ, ne ne nhyehyɛe ne beae no tebea ankasa hyia. IP rating a ɛkorɔn no ho wɔ mfaso bere a adwumayɛbea no hwehwɛ nkutoo.
Hwɛ Ahobammɔ, Adansedi, ne Mmoa a Wɔde Ma
Battery ho nsɛm a wɔakyerɛw no yɛ nea wɔapaw no fã bi pɛ. Ɛsɛ sɛ adetɔfo nso hwɛ sɛ batere no di ahobammɔ ne adansedi ahwehwɛde ahorow a ɛwɔ gua ne dwumadie a wɔde wɔn ani asi so no so anaa.
Nsɛntitiriw bi ne:
- Batere ahobammɔ ho adansedi nkrataa a ɛfata
- UN 38.3 sɔhwɛ ahwehwɛdeɛ a ɛfa akwantuo ho
- Waranti ho nsɛm ne mfiridwuma ho mmoa
- Battery–charger a ɛne ne ho hyia ho adansedi
- Engineering mmoa ma instɔlehyɛn ne nkitahodi a ɛne ne ho hyia
Maforklift battery nnwuma a wɔayɛ no sɛnea wɔpɛ, mmoa a wɔde ma wɔn a wɔde nneɛma ma no ho hia titiriw bere a ɛsɛ sɛ wɔde nsusuwii, nkitahodi ahorow, nkitahodi, anaa batere mu duru hyia lɔre pɔtee bi no.
Fa Toto Nsɛm Tiawa no Ho: Batere Bɛn na Ɛfata Yiye?
Sɛ akwan pii di forklift ahwehwɛde titiriw no ho dwuma pɛ a, ɔkwan a eye sen biara a wobɛpaw no bɛyɛ asɛmmisa a ɛfa nea ɛfata nyinaa ho-ɛnyɛ batere bɛn na ɛwɔ dodow kɛse.
Yebetumi de anammɔn abiɛsa ayɛ ntotoho a mfaso wɔ so:
| Gyinaesi Gyinabea | Nea Ɛsɛ sɛ Wohwɛ | Ntease a Wɔde Paw Nneɛma |
| Ɛsɛ sɛ ɛne no hyia | Voltage, battery mu duru, nsusuwii, nkitahodi | Sɛ eyinom nyɛ papa a, ɛsɛ sɛ wɔpow batere no |
| Ɛsɛ sɛ odi adwuma no ho dwuma | Tumi, kɔ so mprempren, peak mprempren, ɔhyew kwan | Kyerɛ sɛ ebia ebetumi aboa adwuma ankasa no anaa |
| Ɛsɛ sɛ ɛfata oprehyɛn no | Charging bere, hokwan charging nkitahodi, ɔsom ahwehwɛde | Ɔkyerɛ sɛ ebia ɛyɛ adwuma yiye wɔ da biara da dwumadie mu anaa |
Sɛ nhwɛso no, susuw akwan abien a anka ɛne no hyia a wɔakyerɛ sɛ ɛyɛ 420Ah ne 550Ah ho. Sɛ 420Ah kata runtime a wɔhwehwɛ no so dedaw na lɔre no wɔ hokwan ahorow a ɛde charge daa a, 550Ah option no betumi de emu duru ne ɛka aka ho a ɛremma bere a wɔde yɛ adwuma no ntu mpɔn.
Nolithium batere a eye sen biara ma counterbalance forkliftenti ne nhyehyɛe a ɛne lɔre no ahwehwɛde ahorow hyia a ɛnsɛ sɛ ɛyɛ kɛse dodo a ɛho nhia.
Wɔ nnwuma a ɛsono ahoɔden, tumi, instɔlehyɛn, ne nkitahodi ahwehwɛde ahorow no, Polinovel de counterbalance forklift lithium battery ano aduru a wotumi hyehyɛ ma sen sɛ wɔde battery biako a ɛyɛ gyinapɛn bɛma.
Mfomso a Ɛtaa Tu Bere a Worepaw Counterbalance Forklift Lithium Battery no
Sɛ ɛte sɛ nea voltage ne capacity hyia mpo a, mfomso pii a wɔtaa di no da so ara betumi de nsɛm a ɛne ne ho hyia, nea wɔde hyehyɛ, anaa adwumayɛ ho nsɛm aba.
Ah Nko na ɔpaw
Ɛsɛ sɛ wɔhwɛ Ah tumi bom ne battery mu duru, ahoɔden a wɔhwehwɛ, charging strategy, ne installation ahwehwɛde ahorow.
Fa no sɛ Lighter Ye Bere Nyinaa
Wɔ counterbalance forklift fam no, ebia batere mu duru bɛyɛ lɔre no counterbalance a wɔayɛ no fã. Ebia lithium batere a emu yɛ hare kɛse behia ballast.
Tumi a Wɔhwehwɛ a Ɛsen Biara a Wobu Wɔn Ani Gu So
Ah a ɛdɔɔso no nkyerɛ sɛ ahoɔden a ɛdɔɔso ma nneɛma a emu yɛ duru a wɔma so, adesoa a wɔde ma ntɛmntɛm, anaasɛ ɔkwan a wɔfa so yɛ adwuma.
Hwɛ Size nanso Ɛnyɛ Installation Details
L × W × H a ɛne ne ho hyia no yɛ mfiase ara kwa. Connector gyinabea, cable routing, tray design, ne restraint points da so ara betumi asiw kwan sɛ wɔbɛsesa tẽẽ.
Charger a Ɛwɔ Hɔ Dedaw no a Wobɛsan De Adi Dwuma a Wonnye Hɔ
Charja a ɛwɔ nominal voltage a ɛfata no ne lithium battery ntumi nhyia ara kwa. Ɛsɛ sɛ wɔhwɛ charge voltage, current, charging profile, ne BMS nkitahodi.
48V Battery Nyinaa a Wɔyɛ no Sɛ Wotumi Sesa
48V counterbalance forklifts abien da so ara betumi ahwehwɛ battery mu duru, tumi, mprempren output, connectors, anaa nkitahodi interfaces soronko.
Saa mfomsoɔ yi a wobɛkwati no boa ma wɔtew paw no so kɔ batere a ɛne no hyia yie a egyina lɔre ankasa ne dwumadie ahwehwɛdeɛ so-ɛnyɛ nkyerɛkyerɛmu baako.
Nsɛm a Yɛn Engineers Hwɛ Ansa na Wɔahyehyɛ Battery
Ansa na wɔbɛkamfo counterbalance forklift lithium battery akyerɛ no, Polinovel mfiridwumayɛfo taa di kan hwɛ lɔre no ne sɛnea wɔde di dwuma ho nsɛm mu:
- Forklift brand ne nea ɛyɛ pɛpɛɛpɛ
- Lɔre din krataa ne batere ho nsɛm a ɛwɔ hɔ dedaw
- Battery dan no nsusuwii
- Batere no mu duru a wɔhwehwɛ
- Connector no su ne ne gyinabea
- Nnɔnhwerew a wɔde yɛ adwuma da biara ne adesoa a wɔtaa de ma
- Nsakrae dodow ne bere a ɛwɔ hɔ a wɔde gye sika
- Adwumayɛ mu hyew ne beae no tebea
Saa nsɛm yi boa ma wosi so dua sɛ ebia counterbalance forklift lithium battery ne lɔre no hyia wɔ mfiri, anyinam ahoɔden, ne adwumayɛ mu ansa na wɔapaw nhyehyɛe a etwa to no.
Nolithium batere a eye sen biara ma counterbalance forkliftsɛnyɛ nea ɛwɔ Ah a ɛkorɔn sen biara, nea ɛbɔ ntɛmntɛm sen biara, anaasɛ nea ɛwɔ specification list a ɛware sen biara. Ɛsɛ sɛ batere a ɛfata no ne lɔre no mu duru a wɔhwehwɛ, anyinam ahoɔden nhyehyɛe, ahoɔden a wɔhwehwɛ, adwuma a wɔyɛ, sɛnea wɔde besisi hɔ, ne baabi a wɔde di dwuma no hyia.
Ɛsɛ sɛ batere a ɛne ne ho hyia yiye-boa adwuma a wɔhwehwɛ no a ɛnsɛ sɛ ɛyɛ kɛse dodo a ɛho nhia anaasɛ ɛnnyɛ nsɛm foforo a ɛfa nhyiam ho.
Hia mmoa a wode paw nealithium batere a eye sen biara ma counterbalance forklifts?
ManePolinovel a ɛyɛ nhomawo forklift model, battery ho nsɛm a ɛwɔ hɔ dedaw, compartment ho nsɛm, ne adwumayɛ tebea a wɔde bɛsan ahwɛ nhyehyɛe mu.
Hwehwɛ Polinovel Counterbalance Forklift Batere Ano Aduru mu.
